Tenure21 June 2017 – present preceded by Mohammad bin Nayef, Prime Minister of Saudi ArabiaTenure27 September 2022 – present preceded by Salman bin Abdulaziz, First Deputy Prime MinisterTenure21 June 2017 – 27 September 2022 preceded by Mohammad bin Nayef followed by vacant, Salman bin AbdulazizTenure29 April 2015 – 21 June 2017 preceded by Mohammad bin Nayef followed by vacant, Salman bin Abdulaziz, Minister of DefenseTenure23 January 2015 – 27 September 2022 preceded by Salman bin Abdulaziz followed by Khalid bin Salman, Prime Minister Salman bin Abdulaziz
Born on August 31, 1985, M.B.S, also recognized as Salman, holds the position of Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia and has been serving as the Prime Minister since September 27, 2022. Additionally, he holds the roles of Chairman of the Council of Economic and Development Affairs and Chairman of the Council of Political and Security Affairs. Salman is widely regarded as the effective ruler of Saudi Arabia, even prior to his appointment as Prime Minister in 2022. He previously held the position of Minister of Defense from 2015 until 2022.
In 2022, Salman resigned as prime minister and designated his son as minister. In 2017, Mohammed was elevated to the role of Crown Prince following the removal of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Nayef, the offspring of King Salman’s cousin. In 2015, after Salman ascended to the throne, Mohammed was assigned as Minister of Defense and Deputy Crown Prince. Following his completion of law studies at King Saud University, he served as a consultant to his father. He is King Salman’s seventh son from his third spouse, Fahda bint Falah Al Hathleen.
After the increase in oil production following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the Biden administration’s relations with Saudi Arabia have become strained due to Salman bin rejecting. In 2020, Nayef bin Mohammed and his cousin faced accusations of treason, and Jeff Bezos, the CEO of Amazon, alleged that his phone was hacked in 2019. From 2018 to 2019, there was a crackdown campaign on women’s rights activists in Saudi Arabia, and in 2017, Saudi billionaires and princes were arrested. The diplomatic dispute between Canada and Saudi Arabia occurred in 2018, and in 2017, the Lebanese Prime Minister, Saad Hariri, was detained. He also participated in the escalating Qatari diplomatic crisis.
Mohammed bin Salman has undertaken reforms in order to reshape its global and national perception. These reforms encompass restrictions on the authority of the Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice, as well as advancements in women’s rights, such as the removal of the prohibition on women driving in 2018 and the weakening of the male guardianship system in 2019.
In 2022, Saudi Arabia forged a comprehensive strategic alliance with Chinese President Xi Jinping, as well as bolstered its ties with China. Since 2016, Saudi Arabia has commenced the synchronization of its energy policy with Russia. Vision 2030 aims to broaden the nation’s economy by investing in non-oil sectors, such as technology and tourism. In the era of Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Arabia has initiated the hosting of public concerts by female vocalists, granted women the opportunity to partake in football, amplified the representation of women in the labor force, and opened the country to international tourists through the implementation of the electronic visa system, which enables the issuance of foreign visas online.
سيرته
Early Years
[6].[Note 1] Ajman was a tribal leader, who was the grandson of Huthlin bin Rakan, his mother’s daughter. The Huthlin family, Sultan bin Falah bin Fahda, his third wife, married him and [5], his third wife, married him and [5], his third wife, married him and [5], his third wife, married him and [5], his third wife, married him and [5], the third wife of Salman bin Abdulaziz, the king.
I have a Bachelor’s degree in Law from King Saud University. I am currently working in the research and marketing department of a Saudi research and marketing group. My previous boss was Prince Turki, the brother of Salman bin Turki, who is my older brother.
The Saudi minister became a personal assistant to his father’s advisor, working in the private sector for several years after graduating, based on the context of Mohammed bin Salman. [9]
On December 15, 2009, Mohammed bin Salman embarked on his political career as a special consultant to his father, who was then the prince of the Riyadh region.[10] From that point forward, Mohammed bin Salman started to progress in roles, taking on the role of Secretary General of the Competitive Riyadh Council, and was designated as a special consultant to the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the King Abdulaziz Foundation for Research and Archives. Additionally, he assumed the role of a board member of the Riyadh Charity Association.[11].
In November 2011, Salman bin Abdulaziz, the father of Mohammed, started his rise to power to become the second deputy prime minister and defense minister. His son, Mohammed bin Salman, was appointed as his personal consultant. In October 2011, Crown Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz died.
Presidency of the Diwan
In June 2012, Crown Prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz Al Saud passed away and Mohammed bin Salman was elevated two positions in the system of power succession, as his father Salman bin Abdulaziz assumed the role of the new Crown Prince and the First Deputy Prime Minister. Subsequently, he swiftly began to restructure his diwan in accordance with his own vision. On March 2, 2013, Saud bin Nayef was designated as the governor of the Eastern Province, and Mohammed bin Salman took over as the head of the Crown Prince’s diwan. He was also granted the status of minister. On April 25, 2014, Mohammed bin Salman was appointed as a minister of state.
Minister of Defense and Deputy Crown Prince
Salman bin Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, who ascended to the throne of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as the Minister of Defense on January 23, 2015, passed away. Today, the same day, Mohammed was selected and appointed as the Secretary of the Royal Diwan. He kept and maintained his position as the Minister of State.
Yemen War
The Saudi intervention in Yemen has turned the war into a stalemate, but it is possible that President Hadi’s authority will be restored and the Houthi rebels will win the war, as predicted by Mohammed bin Salman. The initial attacks were difficult for Carter, the American defense minister, to access. The operations were not carried out by former National Guard Minister Prince Abdul Mohsin bin Abdulaziz or by Waldi al-Maldi from the security operations. The full security services coordination was without any security services. In March 2015, the war that the leadership of Mohammed bin Salman led began. The government resigned, and the capital Sana’a was taken over by the Houthi rebels. The Houthi rebels rebelled against the country’s allied leadership in Saudi Arabia. The Saudi kingdom responded to everyone’s agreement according to it.
In April 2015, Mohammed bin Nayef was designated as the Crown Prince while Mohammed bin Salman was appointed as the Deputy Crown Prince, through a royal decree issued by King Salman bin Abdulaziz. [25].
The Yemeni capital, Sanaa, was under the control of the Houthi rebels before the Prime Minister assumed power. The Saudi Foreign Affairs, Political Affairs, and Security Council, as well as the United Nations Security Council, were involved in the decision-making process regarding the attacks that took place. Additionally, military intervention occurred during the attacks, and institutions were established to make decisions and take action.
Crown Prince
On June 21, 2017, he was designated as the Crown Prince, following the decision of his father King Salman bin Abdulaziz to dismiss Muhammad bin Nayef, thus making Muhammad bin Salman the next in line for the throne. A shift in the order of succession in the Saudi royal family had been anticipated since December 2015, based on a memo issued by the Federal Intelligence Service, which was subsequently endorsed by the German government.
“[34]. North Korea, for example, has ended its cultural influence on the United States without Saudi Arabia in April 2017, according to the Washington Post. The newspaper discussed the replacement of Bin Salman and peace between Israel and the Palestinians, as well as the diplomatic conflict and terrorism in Qatar, which also discussed the White House’s economic need for cutting off support.”
The Israeli Broadcasting Authority announced on March 10, 2021, that there is a possibility of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu having a meeting with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman while he is on an anticipated trip to the United Arab Emirates on Thursday, March 11.
Prime Minister
“[36]. He was appointed to the position after the Prime Minister’s Council held its first session, which was chaired by Salman bin Mohammed on October 25, 2022. Salman bin Mohammed, the Crown Prince and Deputy Prime Minister, issued a royal order on September 27, 2022, appointing him as the President of the Ministry of Finance.”
إدارته
الأيديولوجيا
[42].[47] The authoritarian and brutal nature of Theodore Winkler and Jamal Khashoggi’s description and extreme cruelty in his rule, journalist Rola Jabril described Abu Hakeem bin Zayed Mohammed Al Qahtani, his former advisor, strongly criticized him. Abu Hakeem Abu Dhabi Abu Hakeem Abu Dhabi Abu Hakeem Abu Dhabi Abu Hakeem Abu Dhabi
السلطوية
Human rights and women’s rights advocates in Saudi Arabia regularly encounter infringements and brutality at the hands of the repressive administration headed by Salman. Detractors, reporters, and previous colleagues undergo torment and homicide. The regime has specifically aimed at Saudi dissidents residing outside the country, such as the renowned journalist Jamal Khashoggi from the Washington Post, who was murdered by the government. Salman defended the extensive apprehension of human rights activists as essential for implementing reforms in Saudi Arabia.
Following his appointment as the Deputy Crown Prince, Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud consolidated his influence in Saudi Arabia throughout his term. He notably diminished the powers of the religious police. On January 29, 2015, bin Salman assumed the role of Chairman of the Council of Economic and Development Affairs, taking over from the disbanded Supreme Economic Council. In April 2015, bin Salman was granted authority over Saudi Aramco via a decree from the royal family.
السياسات الداخلية له
Standing behind her, he is the one mentioned and Salman bin Mohammed came to Mohammed for support in reducing the products and several months famous for state employees’ income reduction and the kingdom’s religious police judicial control authority withdrew in which in 2016 the government adopted austerity measures decided this strengthened and political arena on the appearance of Saudi Arabia the state on radical changes these reports and strengthened and the king, his father, being the sovereign decisions increasingly strong influence.
The lifting of the driving ban by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in Saudi Arabia was a significant and perhaps long overdue decision that reflects the changing views and vision of the country. It is clear that the Kingdom’s leadership has recognized the need for a progressive and inclusive approach, and Prince Mohammed has emerged as a leader with a new direction and policies that are set to continue. Additionally, the permission for women to enter and attend football stadiums for recreational and entertainment purposes is a positive step towards promoting gender equality and providing more opportunities for women in Saudi Arabia.
[62][61][50]. 30 years before the state was established, the Saudi society and the Saudi government were committed to reformation and [60][59][58] along with the way the Saudi leadership customarily dealt with the Iranian Islamic revolution’s aggressive behavior towards the Kingdom. The reaction was that Saudi Arabia and the foreign state were conservative.
Arrest Campaign 2017-2019
[63][64] Money laundering and corruption charges loom over a government official and minister, Prince Amir 40, exceeding what is expected. Talal, Bin Waleed, the Saudi billionaire and prince, announced the arrest in Saudi Arabia’s press on November 4th.
Abdullah bin Sultan bin Mohammed Al-Sultan, the commander of the naval forces, the Minister of Economy and Planning, Adel Fakieh, the head of the Saudi National Guard, and Mutaib bin Abdullah are among the other detainees in the anti-corruption campaign. [63][65].
The wide-scale arrests are the final step to enhance the authority of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the close son and senior advisor to King Salman. The Crown Prince is leading a new effective anti-corruption committee, established by a decree issued by the King, just hours before the committee issued its arrest orders.
“[67]. The detainees on suspicion there if they are clear and not “now until the reform”. The reform is a program in which it leads in the time of reform. The reform’s strength is enhancing to seek Mohammad Emir Al-An “saying that Gardner Franc SBB correspondent commented. A coup that led to the overthrow of Donald Trump, skeptical Talal in what he conveyed.”
“Taxes and subsidies”. To change their perspective completely, negotiations with the entire country can only be done under the authority of the ruling law, under the crown prince, and here is Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who knows that he is the crown prince, Prince Mohammed bin Salman, “and Washington Post analysts say that cleansing is part of a movement towards reform.” More and more, the accumulation of power, corruption, and time continue between them, while the belt, which requires the state, demands that ordinary Saudis demand the fight against corruption campaign, “according to CBS analysis,” 69 and subsidies. Taxes and the elite.
[72] “The national corruption is an excuse to fight under your potential competitors, including your competitors who have also been arrested. It also includes the power of confiscation for the classical plan, and I would also like to say… Here, its construction did not govern the control of government projects, financing, deals, and the existing princes. They were particularly dissatisfied, as residents, I believe.”
“For years, certain individuals who are currently treating them severely were exploiting their countries! They possess precise awareness of their actions… I have immense faith in King Salman and the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia,” Trump tweeted, conveying his endorsement of these actions.[73][74].
سياسته الدينيّة
“[78] In the country, there is freedom of religion, but the possibility of negative influence, the secular repression towards a directed execution by bin Salman, that the new social changes that Perez Gabriela argued in Saudi Arabia in radical Islamic Sharia, the exaggerated marginalization, the difficult range of the journalist’s writings. [76] The cultural field in the Islamic influence varies and ranges from religious heritage to minimizing, reducing, and undermining the religious heritage, with a new Saudi identity promoting bin Salman, the son of the crown prince. “[75] Western secular culture against the Kingdom’s openness to conservative religious speakers, with conflicting Saudi offers to host wrestlers, singers, music bands, dancers, and even Western Americans” completely.
Restrictions on Religious Institutions
The independent religious and political activities are increasingly being suppressed by the new political state. The state’s new policies are also accompanied by increasing suppression of independent political and religious activities. Publicly, social freedoms have expanded, and mixing between genders and dating now occur openly in the film industry.
Amendments to Islamic Doctrinal Differences and Secularization of the Legal System
“هيكل برنارد”، الباحث الإسلامي في الشريعة الإسلامية في سياق علماني، يمتلك معرفة نظرية في الفقه الإسلامي ويتمتع برؤية دينية تمتلكها العالم العربي الوحيد. يعتبر الزعيم الأرجح في “وهيمنته ومعرفته” ويفتخر بها الملك سعود بن عبد العزيز، حاصل على شهادة في القانون من جامعة الملك سعود. يتمتع بت
[75]. “Instead of considering them as constants, the fatwas should be based on the mentality, place, and time in which they were issued,” said Mohammed al-Ikhlas, criticizing the religious leaders of the Saudi Wahhabi sects. He also mentioned that there are no infallible schools of thought and that the Saudi language has not been used by Saudi Arabia before. This statement was made during a televised interview in Saudi Arabia on April 25, 2021.
أن الشريعة الإسلامية تستند إلى مصدرين نصيين: القرآن والسنة النبوية التي جمعت عشرات الآلاف من حياة النبي وأقواله. قال إن بعض القواعد – ليست كثيرة – تأتي من المحتوى التشريعي الواضح للقرآن، ولا يمكنه فعل أي شيء حيالها حتى لو أراد ذلك. لكن الأقوال المأخوذة عن النبي (الحديث)، كما أوضح، ليس لها قيمة متساوية كمصادر للشريعة، وقال إنه ملزم بعدد صغير جدًا لا يمكن الشك في موثوقيتها، بعد 1400 عام. وقال إن كل مصدر آخر للشريعة الإسلامية مفتوح للتأويل – وبالتالي يحق له تفسيرها بالشكل الذي يراه مناسبًا. إن تأثير هذه المناورة هو إلقاء حوالي 95% من الشريعة الإسلامية في حفرة التاريخ السعودي وترك محمد بن سلمان حراً في فعل ما يشاء. قال هيكل: “إنه يكسر التقاليد.. هذا يتركه ليحدد ما هو في مصلحة المسلمين. إذا كان ذلك يعني فتح دور السينما، والسماح للسياح، أو النساء على شواطئ البحر الأحمر، فليكن”.
[77]. “Opening of the cinema and the mass dismissal of Wahhabi imams” represents issues in the government and supports their religious positions and stances contrary to the actions taken by the previous government – the “intimidation” they surrendered to conservative religious men from various government departments, according to Sharia law, interpreting their implementation.
تجنب ارتداء العبايات
In December 2022, the Education and Training Evaluation Authority declared a prohibition on Muslim female students wearing customary attire (“abaya”) at examination venues, emphasizing that students must exclusively don school uniforms. [84][85][86].
“[87]. The organization managed by girls for girls, the Al-Hijab Testing Authority, is responsible for conducting tests and evaluating the performance of female students. It aims to ensure the quality of education and promote the values of modesty and righteousness. The organization, known as ‘The Milli Chronicle,’ plays a crucial role in empowering women and highlighting their achievements.”
المناخ
In 2050, the Kingdom seeks to achieve zero net emissions. Over the next 10 years, the Middle East will be the focus of the “green” initiative, with the Kingdom allocating $2.5 billion. The next COP27 conference will take place on November 7, 2022, with Crown Prince and Saudi Arabian Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman attending.
Human Rights
According to human rights organizations, numerous advocates for human rights have been apprehended during the reign of Mohammed bin Salman in Saudi Arabia. [89].
Initiator, Al-Zamil Essam; a novelist and academic, Al-Hasan Mustafa; and the civil and political rights activist of the Saudi Civil Rights Association were targeted in the September 2017 arrests.
Subsequently, eight out of the 17 individuals who were held in custody were set free. Prior to the removal of the prohibition on women operating vehicles in June 2018, a total of 17 activists advocating for women’s rights, such as the Women’s Right to Drive Movement and the Campaign Against Male Guardianship, were apprehended, which included the detainment of Loujain al-Hathloul. [92] [93]
Later on, Hatun Al-Fassi, a professor of women’s history at King Saud University, was arrested. [95][96][97].
[99] Currently, the other detained female activists for the “previous case have become the center of attention from Human Rights Watch, who warned that their heads were threatened to be cut off, and their husband. And the commotion Israa, the other detained female activists, currently face the threat of having their heads cut off, along with their husband, and the commotion Israa, the activist.
Saad Al-Jabri
Another Saudi security official at a high level, who has worked for years as an important communication officer with the British foreign intelligence agency, MI6, and another Western intelligence agency, is now being persecuted, according to Arab intelligence sources.
He worked with a former Western intelligence official who mentioned that he saved hundreds of lives in 2010 through those connections, which helped New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Britain, and the United States, the five known intelligence agencies, collaborate with Saudi Arabia’s main contact officer, who had been with Al-Qaeda since 2000.
The explosive device was concealed within a printer ink cartridge and transported aboard a cargo plane destined for Chicago. Al-Qaeda in Yemen successfully acquired a potent bomb, but the Saudi intelligence agency had a mole embedded within the organization. This informant relayed crucial details, such as the serial number of the cartridge employed to hide the explosive, to the British external intelligence agency, MI6.
In 2015, everything underwent a significant transformation. Abdullah, the reigning monarch, passed away, leading to the ascension of Salman, who was not his brother, to the throne. Additionally, Mohammed, his younger son, assumed the role of Minister of Defense.
In 2017, Mohammed bin Salman orchestrated a nonviolent takeover in the palace with the consent of his father, assuming the role of crown prince from Mohammed bin Nayef, who previously held the position. Bin Nayef remains in custody, and his possessions have been confiscated, while his associates have been dismissed from their respective roles. Dr. Al-Jabri sought refuge in Canada, which he selected as his place of exile. Nevertheless, former intelligence officials from the Western world maintain that Mohammed bin Salman continues to perceive him as a challenge to his authority.
That is it.
[101] “They are hostages, and the ransom is the return of their father.” The Jabri’s son sealed, and they hired a pressure company in Washington to work for the release of their relatives, and they decided to break the silence in an interview with The New York Times, so their concern increases due to the lack of news from their family after weeks. According to the newspaper, the Jabri family in Canada is worried, they received a notification.
In August 2020, Al-Jabri initiated a legal action in an American court accusing Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman of dispatching a group of individuals with the intention of killing him in Canada. As per the prosecution records in the case, the unsuccessful endeavor to assassinate Saad Al-Jabri occurred shortly after the journalist Jamal Khashoggi was murdered in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul. The prosecution documents state that the reason behind the failed attempt was the suspicion of the Canadian security forces towards the members of the assassination team when they tried to enter the country at Pearson Airport in Toronto. These documents disclose allegations of corruption and the supervision of a group of personal mercenaries known as the “Tiger Team.” The lawsuit documents assert that members of the “Tiger Team” took part in the assassination of Khashoggi at the Saudi consulate in Istanbul in 2018.
On October 29, 2020, American media disclosed that the Washington court issued summonses to Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and 9 other Saudis, along with the Al-Maske Charitable Foundation, in the legal case brought by former Saudi security advisor Saad Al-Jabri against them.
The message sent by WhatsApp shows that the documents included a memorandum sent on September 22, 2020, in both English and Arabic languages, about 103 minutes after its arrival and to the sender.
كما وجهت المحكمة مذكرات استدعاء أيضا إلى مؤسسة مسك الخيرية و9 أشخاص سعوديين مدعى عليهم بينهم بدر العساكر وسعود القحطاني وأحمد عسيري.
The victims of torture are not identified as individuals within the framework of the law for the protection of human rights, under the jurisdiction of the judiciary, outside the framework of murder, attempted murder, or their identities. The lawsuit was filed against 11 individuals, whose names were mentioned, and 12 others, including Mohammed Al-Ameer. The lawsuit was filed against the Crown Prince in response to a previous major claim.
His partners, family, and Al-Jabri himself control external banking accounts, including a correct non-spending of 11 billion dollars. The Saudi investigators closely associated with Al-Jabri and the Saudi authorities reviewed the interviews conducted and the documents reviewed by others. Al-Jabri grants rewards for his efforts in combating government spending, especially a fund supervised by the Ministry of Interior, particularly a fund in which he served for 17 years, including.
The American national security is exceptionally and dangerously “harmful to the disclosure of classified information, preventing a user from using rarely used “state secrets privilege to protect himself and his children” diplomatically seeking a solution before attempting the assassination of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman by Saad al-Jabri in the national intelligence case.
Arrest of Mohammed bin Nayef
Former Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Nayef, along with his half-brother Nawaf and Prince Ahmed bin Abdulaziz, King Salman’s brother, were apprehended on March 6, 2020. The trio of princes faced allegations of treason, with the Saudi government asserting their alleged plot to depose Mohammed bin Salman.
Accusations of Attempting to Poison King Abdullah
[107] “Fabrication”. From history, it is credible to a former government official that the Saudi Embassy described and denied everyone’s claims about Bin Salman. [106] The entire planet, Americans, and his people are at risk, which poses a danger to him. It has exclusive control over resources.
Tiger Band
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, both inside and outside, targets opposition and critics in a manner similar to assassination operations. The execution of these operations is carried out by death squads, both inside and outside Saudi nationals. Al-Nimr Group is one of these squads.
سياساته الاقتصادية
On January 29, 2015, Prince Mohammed was selected as the leader of the Council for Economic and Development Affairs, which was formed as a substitute for the Supreme Economic Council. In April 2015, Prince Mohammed bin Salman assumed control of Saudi Aramco by royal order after being appointed as the Deputy Crown Prince.
Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the son of King Salman bin Abdulaziz, revealed on April 14, 2023 the initiation of four distinct economic zones, with the objective of fostering growth and variety in the Saudi economy while enhancing the investment landscape. This effort seeks to strengthen the Kingdom’s role as a prominent global investment hub, guided by the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz.
[110]. Local and international investors support local and international investors to support investors to support investors to support investors to support investors to support investors to support investors to support investors to support investors to support investors to support investors.
Vision 2030
Abdulaziz Al Saud, Salman bin Malik Al Majlis, approved the offer where Al Saud, Salman bin Abdulaziz, the royal ownership of the council, approved the offer where Al Saud, Mohammed bin Salman, the royal prince, with the presidency of the economic development affairs plan, the Riyadh Metro Council in a project, to a cost of 20 billion riyals to 3.7 billion riyals, one of which reached the cost of a project.
The Saudi Cabinet gave its approval to the National Transformation Program, one of the initiatives under “Vision 2030” for the Kingdom, on June 7, 2016. [112].
Saudi Oil Industry
The effective sanctions prevented other countries from “forcing” Saudi Arabia to increase oil production, and the Russian sanctions accused of increasing revenues “will increase the reduction that Saudi Arabia knows the American National Security Council official spokesman Kirby John stated that Saudi oil production will be reduced in protest in October 2022 in Saudi Arabia, in Bin Mohammed bin Salman bin Salman.
In Asia, there is a strong demand for energy due to the lack of Asian energy demand.
The Saudi-Russian relations have developed throughout the reign of Bin Salman, providing both nations with the capacity to collude in matters concerning oil exports. [118][119].
His foreign policies
The United States
Trump Administration
In the latter part of 2015, Prince Salman participated in a gathering involving King Salman and the President of the United States, Barack Obama, where the Prince deviated from the established protocol by discreetly expressing disapproval of US foreign policy. Moreover, when Prince Salman unveiled a military coalition aimed at combating terrorism in Muslim nations in December 2015, certain countries within the alliance were not consulted.
In November 2016, a prominent Saudi mission traveled to the United States, bringing Saudi Arabia’s outlook for the 21st century strategic alliance to several American individuals. In an additional record acquired by the Lebanese newspaper Al-Akhbar, named “Account of the Preparatory Team’s Trip to the United States,” a sequence of encounters with President-elect Donald Trump’s group are disclosed.
In its introduction, the document includes a depiction of the connection between the two nations, highlighting that ‘Saudi Arabia has been a reliable and valued partner to Washington for over 80 years,’ and that it ‘aims to maintain a significant role in global affairs alongside Washington, while also dedicating its political influence to fostering expanded strategic collaboration, particularly in the pursuit of lasting peace in the Middle East and the resolution of conflicts involving Palestine, Israel, Iran, Syria, Iraq, Yemen, and other regions.’ Additionally, it emphasizes that ‘Saudi Arabia is an ideal ally for the United States in its efforts to combat extremist Islam both through military means and intellectual engagement.’
The document summarizes “the lessons learned from meetings with the presidential team and the advisory team of the elected president,” and categorizes the team into 3 groups: the circle in close proximity to Trump, the political circle, and the business community circle, and gives priority to each group separately. The document indicates that the Palestinian issue is the foremost concern of the new administration, which “currently lacks a clear plan regarding the Middle East, but is primarily focused on finding a historical solution to support Israel’s stability and resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.” Once the Palestinian issue is resolved, the next priority is to combat extremist Islam. The American side in Riyadh also anticipated Trump’s support in his confrontation with the deep state and the media, as the elected president is “engaged in a strong confrontation with the deep state and the media, and it is necessary to broaden the circle of strategic partnership to include the leadership of the legislative authority, the business community, and the media, while maintaining strong relationships with the close circle of the elected president and the vice president.”
Another commercial aspect of the deals and arms deals was the establishment of promises to support the Trump administration, as it favored nepotism and favoritism in Saudi Arabia, with speed and stealth in real estate deals. Both Kushner and Trump adapted to the Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi’s murder case in order to protect the Crown Prince and ensure accountability for the journalist’s killing. Saudi Arabia, and the relationship between Saudi Arabia and the United States, has been the subject of accountability for the killing of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi.
According to Al-Akhbar newspaper, the subsequent chart demonstrates the primary concerns that the advisory and presidential team in the fresh American government is focused on, as well as the potential initiatives that can be derived from it. The record presents significant descriptions of certain individuals, including ‘Michael Flynn’ (the initial national security advisor to Trump), and a cluster of investors ‘proximate to the president’ who oversee some of his investments, implying their impact on him. The significance of Jared Kushner becomes evident, as multiple individuals have affirmed that ‘the president’s son-in-law will be crucial in the upcoming period’.
أندرو ليڤرس مدير دايو للكيماويات آرثر كلڤهاوس سياسي عتيد منذ عهد ريگان، قائد فريق عملية اختيار وتحديد نطاق عمل نائب الرئيس الأمريكي المنتخب جارد كوشنر
مستثمر ومطور عقاري، ناشر أمريكي، وكبير مستشاري حموه، الرئيس دونالد ترمپ. برفقة كبير الموظفين رينس پريبس يشكلان فريق قيادة ترمپ. يقال أن كوشنر أكثر مستشاري ترمپ الموثوقين، الذي يظهر “الولاء الراسخ” لحميه.[122] جون پولسون مستثمر أمريكي بارز، ويبدو مؤسسياً ومتحفظاً هاورد لوربر مستثمر عقاري بارز وصديق مقرب من ترمپ مايكل كوهن مقرب من ترمپ ومستشاره القانوني ويدير استثماراته الترفيهية جيمس لوكهارت سياسي من عهد جورج دبليو بوش، ومرش لمنصب نائب وزير التجارة الأمريكي ويلبر روس كارل آيكان مستثمر بارز وصديق مقرب من ترمپ كنث دوبرستين كبير موظفي البيت الأبيض في عهد ريگان ستانلي مكريستال عراب مايكل فلن، وجنرال سابق في الجيش الأمريكي جون ثورنتون رئيس شركة بريك گولد والرئيس السابق لبنك گولدمان
During the presidential transition in late 2016, a coalition of retired US generals and national security experts joined forces to oppose Michael Flynn, who at the time served as Trump’s National Security Advisor. This group initiated a project aimed at selling nuclear power plants to Saudi Arabia. Despite Flynn’s subsequent dismissal in February 2017, other White House officials revived the plan, disregarding objections from government legal advisors who raised concerns about potential violations of US laws designed to prevent nuclear proliferation. The concept remains active: in February 2019, Trump met with CEOs from multiple private companies involved in the nuclear energy sector, who sought his assistance in constructing power plants in the Middle East.
The value of the American dollar is $1.8 billion, which is equivalent to the value of Manhattan County. The address is located on Fifth Avenue, and it is an administrative building that was recently purchased by the Kushner family. The Kushner company recently made a deal to purchase the property, which is considered to be a lucrative investment. The company, which is managed by Brookfield, played a role in saving the real estate company.
Kushner, who was compliant due to his business transactions and his lack of knowledge on Middle Eastern matters and his attempts to broker a peace deal between Israel and the Palestinians, was singled out by the Saudi Crown Prince and his advisors as a means to gain access to Trump’s closest advisors shortly after Trump’s election. Members of the Saudi delegation, dispatched by Prince Mohammed to the United States in November 2016, documented in a memorandum later published in the Lebanese newspaper Al-Akhbar: “The individuals closest to Trump primarily excel in deal-making, however, they lack comprehension of political traditions and established institutions, and they endorse Jared Kushner.”
In the White House, Kushner organized an official dinner for Trump and Prince Mohammed in March 2017, and the Saudis impressed the prince with a grand reception similar to that of heads of state. Then, Kushner persuaded Trump to choose Saudi Arabia as his first destination on his initial official foreign trip in May 2017. At this point, the Saudis realized that Trump appreciated flattery and respect, so they went all out to greet him with extravagant feasts and demonstrations of loyalty. It was not surprising that Prince Mohammed later bragged, as reported by the American Intercept website, that Kushner was “under his control” and provided information about his rivals within the Saudi royal family.
In Manhattan County in 2007, on the 5th Avenue, the Kushner family successfully completed a transaction to acquire Tower 666, which was notably accessible to obtain due to the inflated property prices that subsequently plummeted the following year. Throughout the previous two years, Kushner’s business enterprises have been engaged in discussions with investors from China and Qatar, who possess significant connections to their respective governments, in an effort to devise a real estate bailout plan. Regrettably, these negotiations fell through as the investors grew apprehensive about the heightened scrutiny that would arise from Kushner’s involvement in the White House.
In the spring of 2018, Kushner companies came to a preliminary understanding with Brookfield Asset Management to rent the problematic administrative tower for a duration of 99 years. While Brookfield’s real estate division was concluding its agreement with Kushner companies, another division of Brookfield declared its acquisition of Westinghouse Electric for $4.6 billion, a bankrupt nuclear services corporation that was a member of a consortium of companies vying to construct power plants in Saudi Arabia.
The agreement necessitated authorization from the Trump administration: it relied on an evaluation by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, which comprises high-ranking individuals from 9 US government organizations. The agreement demanded the approval of the US government since Brookfield, a Canadian corporation, is a foreign entity endeavoring to obtain an American company functioning in the nuclear sector. Historically, the committee has compelled certain foreign entities to depart or modify their proposed agreements. Nonetheless, Brookfield’s acquisition of Westinghouse Electric was sanctioned, and the agreement was concluded on August 1, 2018.
It is a great pity that the real estate market is suffering losses due to the companies that are eligible for mortgage installments being forced to be possible. This was without a doubt in February 2019, when the value of the mortgage loans reached a staggering $1.4 billion, which is a large part of the repayment on Kushner’s assistance companies. The full amount of $1.1 billion was injected over a period of 99 years, meaning that the rent payment will be made and it is Kushner who will pay it.
On October 16, 2018, while Secretary of State Mike Pompeo was visiting Riyadh to have a meeting with the King of Saudi Arabia and the Crown Prince to discuss Khashoggi’s future, Saudi officials transferred $100 million that had been promised to the Trump administration in August 2018 to support the secure regions in Syria that had been freed from the control of the Islamic State (ISIS). American diplomats were doubtful about the arrival of these funds until they unexpectedly showed up in the United States’ accounts.
Biden Administration
In 2019, amidst the Trump presidency, Joe Biden denounced Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and labeled him as a pariah because of the assassination of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi in 2018. [123].
Salman bin Khalid), the Saudi Deputy Defense Minister, expressed his outrage after the conclusion of the meeting regarding the murder of Khashoggi, which Sullivan raised as a subject.
[127]. China discussed Saudi Arabian arms purchases as well as increasing oil production from the country. Salman bin Abdulaziz traveled to Saudi Arabia to meet with Prince William, the head of the Central Intelligence Agency, and the director of the MI6, in April 2022. The Wall Street Journal wrote that the current state of US-Saudi relations is the worst it has been since the 2022 war with Russia.Output: [127]. China deliberated the acquisition of Saudi Arabian weaponry, as well as the surge in oil output from the nation. Salman bin Abdulaziz journeyed to Saudi Arabia for a rendezvous with Prince William, the chief of the Central Intelligence Agency, and the director of the MI6, in April 2022. The Wall Street Journal penned that the present condition of US-Saudi relations is the most unfavorable it has been since the conflict with Russia in 2022.
Following OPEC+’s declaration of a decrease in daily oil production by two million barrels, the bond between the United States and Saudi Arabia deteriorated. The US administration conveyed its frustration regarding this action, alleging that Saudi Arabia had aligned itself with Russia in its conflict with Ukraine. The Saudi government refuted these claims, asserting that the decision was not driven by political motives but rather aimed at attaining stability in the worldwide oil markets.
إسرائيل
According to Israeli media outlets, including the military radio, Benjamin Netanyahu covertly traveled to Saudi Arabia on November 22nd where he had a meeting with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo. No statements were given by Netanyahu’s office regarding these reports. Prior to this, Mike Pompeo, the US Secretary of State, had urged Saudi Arabia to participate in the process of normalizing relations with Israel, a step that has already been taken by the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Sudan.
According to the Jerusalem Post, political sources stated that Netanyahu failed to notify the acting Prime Minister and Defense Minister Benny Gantz or his Foreign Minister Gabi Ashkenazi about his visit to Saudi Arabia. The newspaper highlighted that it was Mossad Chief Yossi Cohen who accompanied Netanyahu to Saudi Arabia to meet with bin Salman, rather than Gantz, who currently serves as the Defense Minister. Consequently, as per the newspaper, Netanyahu persisted in his endeavors to keep Gantz and Ashkenazi uninformed about significant diplomatic advancements, following his failure to inform them about the peace accords achieved with the UAE and Bahrain in the past.
Prince Faisal bin Farhan, the Foreign Minister of Saudi Arabia, refuted the claim of a meeting between Netanyahu and bin Salman, affirming that only Saudis and Americans were present at the meeting. In the meantime, Yoav Gallant, Israel’s Education Minister and a member of the Likud party, verified that the latter did indeed meet with the Saudi Crown Prince. [131].
According to flight tracking websites like FlightAware and ADS-B Exchange, the Israeli officials’ private commercial aircraft, which frequently travels between Israel and Saudi Arabia as well as the city of Neom, was monitored on Sunday, November 22. Subsequently, the flight returned to Israel after a brief duration.
عُمان
On July 11, 2021, Sultan Haitham bin Tariq arrived at the Neom Gulf Airport in Saudi Arabia for a two-day official visit. Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman welcomed Haitham bin Tariq with elaborate and extensive ceremonies, including aerial demonstrations by aircraft and artillery salutes. This visit holds significance as it is Haitham bin Tariq’s inaugural foreign visit since assuming the position of power. [132].
Intervention in Syria and Yemen
“The German central intelligence agency’s report on the situation in Yemen and Syria has caused German officials to comment. This proxy war in Yemen and Syria is destabilizing the Arab world and causing instability through the reckless political gambling of the agency.”
خلفت الحرب العسكرية في اليمن العاصمة صنعاء والبنية التحتية اليمنية تحت سيطرة الحوثيين المتمردين، وقد دمرت بشكل كبير، بل وكلفت المملكة العربية السعودية مئات المليارات من الدولارات في محاولة لإخراجهم وفشلت في ذلك.
روسيا
Saudi Arabia bolstered its ties with Russian President Vladimir Putin during the tenure of Bin Salman. In 2016, Bin Salman inked a collaborative pact with Russia in the international petroleum markets. Following the allegations of Jamal Khashoggi’s murder against Bin Salman, Putin stood out as one of the scarce global leaders who openly endorsed him. In 2021, Bin Salman entered into a military collaboration agreement with Russia.
قطر
تم قطع العلاقات التجارية والدبلوماسية بين قطر والبحرين ومصر والإمارات والسعودية في يونيو 2017. تعتبر المنطقة الأمريكية قاعدة عسكرية هامة لتأوي وتوريد الغاز الطبيعي.
Forcing Saad Hariri to Resign
[141] His decision to step down was overturned, and he came back to Lebanon and retracted his decision to resign when Saudi Arabia paid a visit in November 2017, compelling Lebanese Prime Minister Saad Hariri to step down. Bin Salman is of the opinion that Hariri was under the influence of Hezbollah, a group backed by Iran, which holds significant political sway in Lebanon.
The Saudi-Canadian Conflict
“[145] As a warning to the world – and to Saudi human rights activists – that the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia should not be tampered with, the actions taken by Mohammed bin Salman indicated that the consensus among analysts informed the Toronto Star that the consensus among analysts froze its relationship with Canada and expelled the Canadian ambassador, criticizing Canada, and the Toronto Star reported that the consensus among analysts.”
The Killing of Jamal Khashoggi
In October 2018, Jamal Khashoggi, a Saudi journalist and an individual who criticized the Crown Prince, went missing after entering the Saudi embassy in Istanbul. Turkish officials claimed that Khashoggi was murdered in the embassy, providing evidence such as visual and audio recordings suggesting that he was subjected to torture and killed. They also alleged that a Saudi forensic expert was part of a group of 15 individuals who entered and exited the embassy during the time of Khashoggi’s disappearance. Saudi Arabia denied these accusations, and Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman urged Turkish authorities to search the building, stating that there was no intention to conceal anything. Saudi officials stated that they were actively trying to locate Khashoggi. According to The Washington Post, the Crown Prince had previously attempted to have Khashoggi returned to Saudi Arabia and detained.
“Mohammed bin Salman issued an order to kill Khashoggi, stating that through his rule over the intelligence, it is likely that the former British secret intelligence officer, President John Suwairis, hinted to Mohammed bin Salman that 15 of his personal guards are among the suspects involved in the murder of Khashoggi, seven of them being from the East.”
Khashoggi’s alleged dismembered body was disposed of using a bone saw, as indicated by MBS’s first name initials, which are abbreviated as Salman bin from the commentators’ number on the sign “Bone Saw Master”, referring to Khashoggi’s death afterwards.
“He, it, what does someone do there, the things, the prince manages this stage through more there, the prince manages things and if someone does it, well, the crown prince knows the plan at least, the crown prince and the heir apparent knew that Trump believed that the crown prince knew the plan, and he said, ‘Worse than one is that’
Following the homicide, General Ahmed Al-Assiri, a trusted confidant of Mohammed bin Salman, was relieved of his duties, along with his previous counselor, Saud Al-Qahtani.
The prince, accompanied by his security employee, the singer Abdulaziz Maher, traveled there. He was in contact with the person who was identified. The crown prince was believed to be “Mr.” By the responsible intelligence officers. The mission was completed over the phone, with someone saying and doing what someone else in the assassination team was saying to him: “Let me tell you, sir, the mission
“[155][156] The crime involves executing orders and issuing suspicions against five suspects who will be executed, announcing the horrifying murder’s death. The crime, committed by Mohammed bin Salman, the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia, aims to eliminate Jamal Khashoggi’s death, seven weeks later.”
“[157]. Khashoggi’s death has led to the Saudi government publicly making statements when their perception differs significantly from that of the Muslim Brotherhood, an Islamist group with which Khashoggi is notably associated. Khashoggi, who privately stated that his perception differs significantly from that of the Muslim Brotherhood, has made this statement in a non-public manner.”
The US intelligence report on the killing of journalist Jamal Khashoggi in 2018 determined that Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, widely acknowledged as the effective leader of Saudi Arabia, “sanctioned a mission in Istanbul, Turkey, to apprehend or eliminate Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi.”
The report highlighted that the Crown Prince possessed “complete authority” over intelligence and security organizations in the realm since 2017, “rendering it highly improbable that Saudi officials executed such an undertaking without approval from the Prince.” As per the declassified four-page report, the modus operandi of the operation corresponds with “the Crown Prince’s endorsement of employing force to suppress opposition overseas.”
76 Saudis threatened overseas have been granted visas without imposed restrictions, as announced by Washington. It is shameful that human rights violations have occurred and we will hold President Joe Biden accountable, the American president said, according to the report published afterwards.
القانون وحقوق الإنسان هما مسألة هامة في الولايات المتحدة، وبايدن أكد أهمية الالتزام بها. تم تبنيها وتعتمدها كجزء من النهج الجديد الذي يعتمده في تعامله مع إيران، وذلك رغم الهجمات التي يشنها تحالف جماعات متشددة والتي تستهدف السعودية. وقد أكد الرئيس التعاون الأمني بين الرياض وواشنطن ودعم الول
On March 19, 2021, Mohammed bin Salman, the head of the organization Democracy Now for the Arab World (DAWN), was served with a lawsuit in an American court regarding the murder of Jamal Khashoggi. DAWN, along with Khashoggi’s Turkish fiancée, Hatice Cengiz, successfully delivered the lawsuit to bin Salman in the Federal District Court of Columbia. The lawsuit was filed on October 20, 2020, and bin Salman received it through WhatsApp and express mail. [159].
Down asserts that the lawsuit aims to attain justice in relation to the laws concerning the torment of non-citizens and the safeguarding of individuals who have been subjected to torture. This is in response to the torment and assassination of Khashoggi outside the legal jurisdiction, which inflicted immense suffering and significant harm upon Genkiz. The lawsuit identifies numerous defendants, such as Saudi authorities, alongside the Crown Prince, including his advisor, Saud al-Qahtani, and Major General Ahmed al-Assiri, a high-ranking intelligence officer, along with 21 other Saudi officials implicated in the murder, as well as four unidentified co-conspirators.
“The heinous crime, involving Mohammed bin Salman and the conspirators, implicates our government in something that is known to everyone. This is evident from the recent evidence and the court’s decision to see Salman bin Mohammed. We hope for a swift and fair trial, and Saudi Arabia has announced that the prisons will be used to hold the accused prisoners. The Saudi Arabian Directorate of Prisons has quickly sent messages via mail and WhatsApp regarding the case. Salman bin Mohammed’s notification was issued in March 2021, and the claimants have requested a judge and governments from the Saudi government to send a message.”
الصين
“The justification of the utilization of confinement facilities against the Uighur Muslims,” expressed Makkad Farisi, representative for the Islamic Council of Britain, denouncing bin Salman’s remarks as “repugnant” and protection. In February 2019, bin Salman supported China’s strategies in Xinjiang, where over 1 million Uighurs were placed in confinement facilities, asserting, “China possesses the authority to combat terrorism and eradicate actions detrimental to its national security.” Since assuming the role of Crown Prince in 2017, trade between the two nations has surged from $51.5 billion to $87.5 billion in 2021. Under bin Salman’s leadership, the relationship between China and Saudi Arabia has grown stronger.
On March 10, 2023, Iran and Saudi Arabia reached an agreement to reinstate diplomatic ties that were cut off in 2016. This agreement came after secret negotiations in Beijing and was facilitated by China. Additionally, President Xi signed numerous trade agreements with Saudi Arabia and upgraded the relationship to a comprehensive strategic partnership, the highest level in China’s official ranking for international relations. While in Riyadh, President Xi met with various Arab leaders, including those from the Gulf Cooperation Council. Mohammed hosted President Xi Jinping for talks from December 7-10, 2022.
اختراق هاتف جيف بيزوس: كيفية اختراق جهاز جيف بيزوس
In March 2019, Gavin de Becker, a security specialist working for Jeff Bezos, accused Saudi Arabia of hacking Bezos’ phone. Bezos, who owned The Washington Post and was the CEO of Amazon, was the richest man in the world at that time.
[170]. Significantly, a large amount of data from the biggest quantities of messages sent on the phone started after WhatsApp on Bin Salman’s account in May 2018. Multiple media messages were sent through the hacking exposure of Bezos’ phone, which “highly” implicated the company. The media on Bezos’ phone regarding ITF legal medical consultations conducted by him.
[170] The Saudis launched an internet campaign against him. Bezos informed Salman bin Salman over the phone about everything, but he does not believe Bezos. In a text message from February 2019, Bezos urges Salman bin Salman to not be known at that time, even though he had a relationship with her. In a message from November 2018, Bezos includes an image that resembles her. Firstly, the circumstantial evidence indicates the report.
[172]. The Washington Post, a newspaper, works in which Khashoggi, Jamal, was killed, allegedly involving Salman bin Amir Khan, if the subject is related to him, the alleged special rapporteurs for the United Nations, Agnes Callamard and David Kaye, that the alleged breach is related to what is subject to the alleged breach indicates that bin Salman participated “in an attempt to influence, if not more.
مبادرات
سياسية
On March 29, 2021, Eritrea agreed to participate in the Middle East Green Initiative after being invited by Saudi Arabia, during a phone conversation between Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki and Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. During the conversation, the Middle East Green Initiative, introduced by the Crown Prince, was discussed, which aims to collaborate with regional countries to address environmental challenges in the area. It was emphasized that this initiative is one of the most ambitious global initiatives in terms of restoring degraded lands and decreasing carbon emissions. The Eritrean President conveyed his country’s willingness to contribute to the success of this initiative and cooperate with the Kingdom in the necessary coordination. [173].
رياضية
The main football tournament in Saudi Arabia, referred to as the Mohammed bin Salman League, is called the Saudi Arabian Professional League and is the second most valuable competition in Asia, with a market worth of 473.70 million Euros [174]. Al-Hilal holds the record for the most league titles, having won a total of 17 championships, and the reigning champion is Al-Hilal Club.
حياةه الشخصية
Abdulaziz, along with Noura, Fahda, Mushahar, and Salman, are their five offspring. They tied the knot with Sarah bint Mashhur bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, who is his relative. The youngest of his sons, Abdulaziz, came into this world on April 17, 2021, and was given the name of his grandfather, the initiator of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
As per the New York Times, Mohammad bin Salman is renowned for leading a luxurious and opulent lifestyle. He acquired the Serene yacht, which was constructed in Italy and is registered in Bermuda, for a hefty amount of 500 million euros from the Russian tycoon Yuri Schefler. [176] [177].
Mark Zuckerberg, the American technology industry leader, traveled to Silicon Valley in June 2016 for a mission to meet with important figures in the business, celebrity, and political world. He also met with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, expanding his global connections.
حالته الصحية
On October 23, 2022, during a conversation with Algerian President Abdelmadjid Tebboune, bin Salman expressed regret for his presence at the 2022 Arab Summit due to health issues. Subsequently, a statement released by the royal court mentioned, “The medical professionals at the royal clinics recommended that His Highness refrain from undertaking lengthy flights without breaks, in order to prevent barotrauma and its effects on the middle ear.” [179].
Personal Expenses
[180]. He spends the money, which is the personality of money, as it seems, on what affects the program of austerity, saying the writer and follower, the value of 300 million dollars, and the world in the most expensive French palace, Versailles, near the palace “owner” is the young American prince, The New York Times reported about the Times, and “450 million dollars” for Da Vinci’s Leonardo painting, and a billion and a half yacht, “bought as if it were a gift.
Honorary Doctorate
During a visit to Thailand on November 19, 2022, Mohammed bin Salman was accompanied by Minister of Energy Abdulaziz bin Salman bin Abdulaziz, Minister of Foreign Affairs Faisal bin Farhan bin Abdullah, and Minister of Interior Abdulaziz bin Saud bin Naif bin Abdulaziz. On this occasion, Mohammed bin Salman received an honorary doctorate from Kasetsart University in Thailand for his outstanding contributions in the area of earth knowledge for sustainable development. This recognition reflects his dedication to the environment and his support for sustainable development goals.
Charitable Works
Riyadh schools are managed by a council headed by the foundation’s president, in addition to the limited community needs coverage. The community’s social needs are covered by a group of sociologists, experts, and academics formed by the charitable housing initiative of King Salman. In addition, King Salman’s charitable housing initiative forms an executive committee headed by the president and deputy. The Kingdom is committed to providing support and promoting efforts to achieve and support the impact of the initiative. King Salman also heads the management council center, which includes youth.
تكريمات
أسلافه
“ع • ن • ت سلف محمد بن سلمان آل سعود [191] 16. فيصل بن تركي بن عبد الله آل سعود 8. عبد الرحمن بن فيصل 17. سارة بنت مشاري بن عبد الرحمن بن حسن آل سعود 4. ابن سعود 18. أحمد آل كبير بن محمد بن تركي آل سديري 9. سارة بنت أحمد الكبير بن محمد آل سديري {{{19}}} 2. الملك سلمان 20. محمد بن أحمد آل كبير آل سديري 10. أحمد بن محمد آل سديري {{{21}}} 5. حصة آل سديري 22. علي بن محمد
Also, see
مرئيات
January 2019, in Thailand, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman receives an honorary doctoral degree from Kasetsart University. In March 2022, in Atlantic, a magazine features a photo of a meeting with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. On July 11, 2021, in Neom, Sultan Salman bin Mohammed receives Tariq bin Haitham Al Omani at the airport. In August 2020, the Saudi Investment Fund strengthens its relationship with the Son Fund in Baha.