Here we come back to you, our sweet Mother and Lady Guadalupe, to thank you from the bottom of our hearts for the canonization of your faithful servant, Juan Diego, who has been the little “sacred house” on Tepeyac, where you have been a mother to your children.
“May all the inhabitants of these lands and other devotees of yours who invoke your name, so that it may be a true model of Christian life, venerate Juan Diego as a saint, may this canonization serve to promote the New Evangelization throughout America and the entire world, we fervently pray, Mother.”
On July 31, 2002, while celebrating the Mass of Canonization of San Juan Diego, the Pope made a request to the Virgin of Guadalupe.
The oldest known copy of the Mopohua Nican, a narrative about the apparitions of Our Lady of Guadalupe to Juan Diego, is housed in the Rare Books and Manuscripts Department of the New York Public Library’s Tilden and Lenox, Astor, and Lenox Foundations. This copy is considered to be the primary source of knowledge about the Virgin Mary’s miraculous appearance as the Perfect Virgin, the Mother of God, at the Tepeyac Hill in Mexico City, known as the antonomasia of our knowledge. The complete title of the narrative, which begins with the words “Here is the account of the appearances of Our Lady of Guadalupe to Juan Diego, an indigenous man,” is still used to identify this renowned document, although many indigenous documents in various regions of Mexico start with these two initial words in the Nahuatl language, originally written in 1531. The narrative recounts the events that occurred from December 9th to December 12th, 1531, as witnessed by Juan Diego, the Blessed Juan Diego, an indigenous Aztec. Output: The most ancient recognized replica of the Mopohua Nican, a tale concerning the apparitions of Our Lady of Guadalupe to Juan Diego, can be found in the Rare Books and Manuscripts Department of the New York Public Library’s Tilden and Lenox, Astor, and Lenox Foundations. This replica is regarded as the primary source of understanding about the Virgin Mary’s miraculous manifestation as the Perfect Virgin, the Mother of God, at the Tepeyac Hill in Mexico City, recognized as the epitome of our knowledge. The comprehensive title of the tale, which commences with the phrases “Here is the narrative of the apparitions of Our Lady of Guadalupe to Juan Diego, an indigenous man,” is still employed to distinguish this esteemed document, although numerous indigenous documents in diverse regions of
Don Antonio Valeriano (1520?-1605?), A native intellectual and skilled follower of Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, is recognized as the author. Don Antonio acquired the historical account directly from the visionary, who passed away in 1548.
The pre-Hispanic culture, deeply soaked in the most intimate fibers, is narrated in this argument from the Nahuatl perspective, as one realizes the lines between reading. The argument narrates the evangelization of a culture through the intervention of the Holy Virgin and God.
The union of two irreconcilable villages takes place. Holy Mary, bearer of Christ, appears in the fullness of time for America. There is an identification of the essence of the Bible: Christ, the center of History – (John 3:14-16) with the essence of the Nican Mopohua (verses 26-27) and with the essence of the glyphic message of the Image of Our Lady of Guadalupe: the Holy Child Sun that she carries in her womb.
The Blessed Virgin, to whom the matter is entrusted, the Blessed Juan Diego, seer and confidant of the Blessed Virgin, Bishop Fr. Juan de Zumárraga, to whose Authority the matter is entrusted, the Uncle of Blessed Juan Diego, miraculously healed, the Bishop’s servants who follow Blessed Juan Diego, spy on him, the entire city that recognizes the supernatural nature of the image and gives their heart to the Blessed Virgin, the protagonists: The Virgin who asks for a temple to manifest her Son.
According to the Nican Mopohua, the oldest written account of the apparitions of the Virgin of Guadalupe.
First Appearance: It was early Saturday morning when Juan Diego was heading to Tlatilolco in search of divine worship and its teachings.
They sang that beautiful birds, others of them, tzinizcan and coyoltótotl, surpassed their delightful song, which seemed very pleasing to them, and the singers, the voices of the birds, were silent at times. It seemed like the hill above was singing, and he heard the singing of various birds as dawn broke; they arrived next to the hill called Tepeyacac.
“Is it already in heaven?” “Is it in the earthly paradise, as the old folks, our ancestors, used to say?” Where am I? Do I wake up from sleep? Maybe I’m dreaming? “Am I worthy of what I hear?”, Juan Diego said to himself to check and he stood up.
“Juanito, Juan Dieguito,” they called out to him from atop the hill, and he caught the sound as it abruptly ceased and turned into silence, emanating from the eastern direction, above the petite hill, where the exquisite heavenly melody originated.
He was called to go see, the little hill went up very happily, unlike the point he did not startle. He then dared to go where he was called.
When he arrived at the peak, he spotted a woman, who was standing there and beckoned him to approach.
Her thorns and branches shone like gold; her fine turquoise, her foliage; they seemed like emerald there were other different little herbs and prickly pears, mesquites. The earth shone like a rainbow; it resembled a precious stone bracelet, adorned with its radiant flashes, on the rock where it rested its plant; her attire was radiant like the sun: it greatly amazed her with its superhuman greatness; it greatly amazed her with its superhuman greatness; her attire was radiant like the sun; on the rock where it rested, adorned with flashes, it resembled a bracelet of precious stones; the earth shone like a rainbow.
He bowed in front of her and listened to her tender and polite remark, like someone who captivates and highly esteems.
She said to him, “Juanito, the youngest of my children, where are you heading?”.
Bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré lo te que porque pagaré lo y bien agradeceré
Then he descended, in order to go and fulfill his mission; and he walked onto the road that leads straight to Mexico. Juan Diego replied, “My lady, I will soon carry out your request; for now, I bid you farewell, I am your humble servant.”
The Lord Bishop, who was called Francisco San Juan de Fray, barely arrived at the palace of the prelate, who was the bishop, in the city of Diego Juan, without having entered the city without accusation.
“You send me, Mother of God, always Holy Virgin Mary, the one in person I tell you who has the will to act: my whole being to know you and give you my name. Bishop, when you see me tomorrow, go another time and I command you with a little more rigor, my son, I beg you to fulfill my will with your mediation and help, ask for yourself what is necessary, but my will and my message be carried out by those messengers and servants who understand me, my son, the Virgin Most Holy replied to him, Mine.” And Lady and Mistress, may your anger and sorrow not fall upon you, forgive me for not stopping where I do not go, for sending me, my little daughters, I am neither leaf nor tail, nor boards, I am a small ladder, I am a string, I am a little man, I am alone because they believe; may your message be entrusted to him and esteemed, respected and known leaders, some of mine, Girl and Lady, I earnestly beg you for yours; it is not perhaps an order and a temple be made here that you want, that mine is perhaps an invention, she replied to me in the way I perfectly understood. You have come with the desire from the beginning, I will see you slowly, but I will hear you, Another time she said: what she did not have appeared, she replied to me as much as she heard and received me kindly, as I presented your message to her and saw her where I went, Girl, she gave me a command, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where I went, Girl, you sent me to fulfill where
“Casa su a descansar a fue se luego”. Descansa entretanto” Señora y Niña mía, la más pequeña, mi Niña y Señora. Ya me despido, con lo que responda el prelado. Mañana en la tarde cuando se ponga el sol vendré a dar razón de tu mensaje, o si fuese oído, quizás no me creerá. Iré a hacer tu voluntad, pero acaso no seré oído con agrado; de ninguna manera dejaré de hacerlo ni tengo por penoso el camino. De muy buena gana iré a cumplir tu mandato; no te cause yo aflicción. Juan Diego respondió: “I will go to rest after this. Rest meanwhile, my Lady and little Girl, the smallest one, my Girl and Lady. I bid farewell, with whatever the prelate responds. Tomorrow in the evening when the sun sets, I will come to give an account of your message, or if it is heard, perhaps
Third Apparition: The next day, very early Sunday morning, he left his house and came straight to Tlatilolco to learn about divine matters and be present for the account in order to see the prelate immediately. After Mass was heard and the account was made and the crowd dispersed, it was almost ten o’clock. Juan Diego went to the palace of the Bishop immediately. He saw him again with great difficulty; he made every effort to see him. He knelt at his feet, became saddened and cried as he presented the mandate of the Lady of Heaven. Hopefully, he would believe his message and the will of the Immaculate to erect her temple where she wanted it. The Bishop asked him many questions to ascertain where he saw her and what she looked like. Juan Diego recounted everything perfectly to the Bishop. However, he (the Bishop) did not believe him and said that not only by his words and requests should what he asked for be done; that, in addition, some sign was very necessary in order to be believed that it was the same Lady of Heaven who sent him. Juan Diego said to the Bishop: “Sir, look at what sign you ask for; that I will immediately go to ask it of the Lady of Heaven who sent me here.” The Bishop saw that he confirmed everything without doubting or retracting anything, and dismissed him. He immediately sent some people from his house, in whom he could trust, to follow him and watch closely where he went and whom he saw and spoke to. This was done. Juan Diego came straight and walked along the causeway; those who were following him lost him near the Tepeyacac bridge, where the ravine passes. Although they searched everywhere, they did not see him anywhere. So they turned back, not only because they were annoyed, but also because he hindered their attempt and made them angry. They went to inform the Bishop, leaning towards not believing him. They told him that he was only deceiving him; that he was only making up what he came to say, or that he was only dreaming what he said and asked for; and in short, they reasoned that if he came back again they would catch him and punish him severely, so that he would never lie or deceive again. Juan Diego was with the Most Holy Virgin, telling her the response he brought from the Bishop. The Lady said to him: “My little son, it is good, you will return here tomorrow to bring the Bishop the sign he has asked for; with this he will believe you and he will no longer doubt or suspect you; and know, my little son, that I will repay you for your care and the work and fatigue that you have undertaken for me; go now, for tomorrow I will be waiting for you here.”
Cuarta Aparición:.
“Tomorrow I will come hastily, my youngest daughter.” “Madam and my youngest daughter, please forgive me, have patience with me for now; I am not deceiving you.” “However, if I decide to do so, I will come back here soon to deliver your message.” “Madam and my youngest daughter, how are you today? Are you in good health, Madam and my youngest daughter?” “I am going to bring you distressing news: please know, my youngest daughter, that a poor servant of yours, my uncle, is very ill: he has contracted the plague and is near death.” “Now I am hurrying to your house in Mexico to summon one of the beloved priests of Our Lord to come and administer his last rites; because since we were born, we have come to anticipate the challenge of our own mortality.” “He bent down before her and greeted her, saying: “My little girl, the youngest of my daughters. Madam, I hope you are content. How did you wake up? Are you well, Madam and my little girl?” “He felt a slight sense of remorse, embarrassment, or fear.” “She descended from the top of the hill and looked in the direction where he had previously seen her.” “She came out to meet him on one side of the hill and asked him: “What is troubling you, my youngest son? Where are you headed?”” “He believed that from the point where he turned, she would not be able to see him, the one who keeps a vigilant eye in all directions.” “He circled around the hill, climbed up and crossed to the other side, towards the east, in order to swiftly reach Mexico and avoid being detained by the Lady of Heaven.” “On Tuesday, very early in the morning, Juan Diego left his house in Tlatilolco to summon the priest; and as he approached the road that leads out next to the slope of Tepeyacac hill, towards the west where he usually passed, he said: “If I go straight, it is possible that the Lady will spot me and, in any case, hinder me from bringing the sign to the prelate, as she instructed me; let our affliction subside first and allow me to urgently summon the priest; my poor uncle is certainly waiting for him.”” “In the evening, his uncle implored him to leave early the next morning and come to Tlatilolco to summon a priest, to come and administer his last rites, because he was certain that it was his time to die and that he would not recover.” “First, he went to call a doctor and the doctor attended to him; but it was already too late, he was already very ill.” “Because when he arrived at his house, to an uncle he had named Juan Bernardino, he had already fallen ill, and he was very sick.” “The following day, Monday, when Juan Diego was supposed to return with some proof to be believed, he did not come back.”
English rewrite: Enjoying the beautiful and varied flowers with their fragrances, she made sure to take care of them well, holding them in her lap and bringing them out safely and happily; she walked along the road that leads to Mexico, following the advice given by the Lady of Heaven, who asked her to build a temple and seek the help of the bishop, so that you can persuade him to grant assistance. You will say that I ordered you to climb to the top of the hill, where you admired and saw everything, and to cut flowers. Pay attention and discover what you have learned, and unfold your blanket in front of the Bishop, who will strictly order you to carry out my will. This is a sign and proof of the diversity of flowers, telling him: she placed them in her lap again and took them with her hand, just like before, when she went to cut different flowers for the Lady of Heaven, and immediately brought them down. The hill was not a place with many ice and thorns, it was a place with many rocks, so she started cutting all the roses that resembled precious pearls, filled with dew and fragrance from the night of Castilla. She was amazed when she arrived and saw that so many exquisite roses had bloomed. When Diego Juan reached the top of the hill, he said to him: “Bring them to me in my presence, and bring them down one by one; gather them, cut them, you will find different flowers, I gave you orders and you saw me there.” “My son, go up to the top of the hill,” said the Lady of Heaven, “and bring them to the end as a sign and proof for the Bishop.” He was very happy and consoled when he heard these words from the Lady of Heaven. When he learned that his uncle was healed and that he would not die, he was now sure that she would not be afflicted by any illness. Do not let any other illness trouble or worry you. Do not be afraid of anything, my little son, understand and listen,” the most compassionate Virgin replied to Diego Juan after hearing the conversation.
He went out to meet the butler and other servants of the prelate at the Bishop’s palace. He requested them to inform the Bishop that he wished to see him, but none of them were willing to do so, pretending not to hear him. This could be because it was early in the morning or because they already knew him and found it inconvenient. Additionally, his companions had informed them that they had lost sight of him while following him. Juan Diego waited for a long time. Eventually, they decided to call him over as they noticed he had been standing there for a while with his head down, not doing anything. They also noticed that he had something in his lap, so they approached him to see what it was. Realizing that he couldn’t hide what he was carrying and that they would bother and possibly harm him for it, he revealed that he had flowers. The fact that the flowers were different from each other and not normally found at that time amazed them. The flowers were fresh, open, fragrant, and precious. They wanted to pick some, but every time they tried, the flowers no longer appeared real, but rather painted or sewn onto the blanket. They immediately went to inform the Bishop about what they had witnessed and that Juan Diego, who had visited many times before, wanted to see him. The Bishop saw this as the proof he needed to fulfill the request made by Juan Diego. He promptly ordered Juan Diego to come in and see him. Upon entering, Juan Diego humbled himself before the Bishop, just as he had done previously, and recounted everything he had seen, admired, and his message. Juan Diego told the Bishop that he had fulfilled his request to deliver a message to the Lady of Heaven, Holy Mary, Mother of God. He informed her about the Bishop’s request for a sign to believe in the construction of the temple as she had asked. He assured the Bishop that she kindly accepted the request and provided him with a sign and proof. Early in the morning, she sent him to the top of the hill where he had previously seen her to cut various flowers. After cutting them, she took them from his hand and placed them in his lap, instructing him to bring them to the Bishop. Juan Diego expressed his faith in the sign, even though the top of the hill was not a place where flowers grew. He described the hill as paradise, where he found various exquisite roses of Castilla sparkling with dew. The Lady of Heaven explained to him why he had to deliver the flowers to the Bishop. Juan Diego presented the flowers as the sign the Bishop had requested and as proof of his word and message. He unwrapped his blanket, revealing the flowers in his lap. As soon as the flowers scattered on the ground, the precious image of the Virgin Mary appeared and was portrayed on the blanket. This image is still preserved today in the temple of Tepeyacac, known as Guadalupe. The Bishop and everyone present immediately knelt down upon seeing the image. They admired it greatly and then stood up to observe it with sadness and distress, showing their contemplation in their hearts and thoughts. The Bishop, with tears of sadness, prayed and asked for forgiveness for not fulfilling the Lady’s will and command. He then untied the blanket from Juan Diego’s neck, where the image was tied, and took it to place in his oratory. Juan Diego stayed at the Bishop’s house for another day, where he was still held. The following day, the Bishop asked Juan Diego to show him where the Lady of Heaven desired her temple to be built. Everyone was immediately invited to participate in this task.
In both eyes, at least four other human figures, as well as the “human bust,” were also visible. Dr. Tonsmann processed the eye images using various methods to eliminate “noise” and highlight details. After digitizing it at high resolutions, he obtained a very good photograph of the face of the Virgin taken directly from the original tilma in 1979. Dr. José Aste Tonsmann, a graduate of Cornell University working for IBM in digital image processing, conducted this process. With more or fewer details, all of them generally agree with the first two presented here. Several other inspections of the eyes have been carried out by ophthalmologists after these initial ones. Additionally, they noted an inexplicable “lifelike” appearance of the eyes when examined with the proper location and distortion of a normal human eye. Dr. Lavoignet reports the apparent human figure in the corneas of both eyes. He examined the image more closely and used an ophthalmoscope. That same year, another ophthalmologist, Dr. Rafael Torrija Lavoignet, certified the presence of the triple reflection (Samson-Purkinje Effect) characteristic of a normal living human eye. He also affirmed that the resulting images were exactly where they should be according to the mentioned effect, and that the distortion of the images perfectly matched the curvature of the cornea. This constitutes the first report issued by a doctor regarding the eyes of the image on March 27, 1956. THE MYSTERY OF THE VIRGIN’S EYES:
During the time when they were most needed and in their eyes to be revealed when technology allowed them to be discovered, certain messages that remained hidden would not only leave us their printed image as evidence of their appearance, but also publish in a few months their latest studies conducted by Dr. Aste Tonsmann, with complete details and photographs, about the eyes on the tilma.
APPEARANCE TO JUAN BERNARDINO: Juan Diego scarcely indicated the location where the Lady of Heaven had commanded the construction of her temple, he requested permission to depart. He now desired to go to his residence to visit his uncle Juan Bernardino; who was gravely unwell when he left him and came to Tlatilolco to summon a priest, who would arrive to administer the sacrament of confession and prepare him, and the Lady of Heaven informed him that he was already cured. However, they did not allow him to go alone, they accompanied him to his residence. Upon arrival, they observed his uncle who was exceedingly joyful and devoid of pain. He was greatly astonished that his nephew arrived accompanied and highly esteemed; he inquired about the reason why they did so and why they held him in such high regard. His nephew responded that, when he departed to summon the priest for confession and preparation, the Lady of Heaven appeared to him in Tepeyacac; she assured him not to be concerned because his uncle was already well, which greatly comforted him, she sent him to Mexico City, to visit the Bishop, so that he could construct a dwelling for her in Tepeyacac. His uncle verified that it was indeed true that he was healed at that time and that he witnessed her in the same manner as she appeared to his nephew; learning from her that she had dispatched him to Mexico City to meet with the Bishop. She also instructed him that when he went to see the Bishop, he should disclose what he witnessed and how miraculously he had been healed; and that she would bestow upon him a fitting name, just as her revered image would be christened, the perpetually chaste Saint Mary of Guadalupe.
She took her out of the oratory of his palace and admired the people who were there; the image of the beloved Lady of Heaven was moved by the Bishop to the church of the mayor, where Juan Diego saw it. It was erected in the temple of the Queen on Tepeyacac until some days later, when the Bishop hosted them in his house. They brought his nephew and Bernardino Juan to testify and inform him that they had come to see him in his presence.
SAN JUAN DIEGO: “Juanito, Juan Dieguito”, the Virgin called him, “the smallest of my children… My dear little son.”
Page dedicated to San Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin.
She dedicated herself to the literary, historical, and theological devotion, and her devoted works were elevated by the altars and temples that were adorned with many reproductions of her image. All of this was soon testified by the widespread use of her image by both criollos and mestizos, signifying her universal appeal. Initially confined to a localized devotion in the early stages, her cult of Guadalupe eventually began in the valley of Mexico.
The symbol that allowed the criollos, descendants of Spaniards born in the New Spain, to identify themselves with the land where they lived, and which freed them from their Spanish origin, was recognized by the vast majority of inhabitants of Spain. In this way, a national symbol emerged. The insurgents adopted it as a political banner, and it was invoked and exposed as a remedy against epidemics, floods, and droughts. This image became a factor of national unity. The castes, indigenous people, and criollos joined together in the veneration of the Guadalupana, which represented the criolla homeland. Thanks to the intervention of the Virgin of Guadalupe, the idea of American Christianity emerged, providing a new spiritual foundation for the Mexican church. The Virgin of Guadalupe, recognized as the patroness of New Spain by the Spanish monarchy and the papacy, was met with great popular rejoicing. THE MEANING OF GUADALUPANISM:
In the northern part of the sky, the main constellations are found on the right side of the mantle. At the moment when Bishop Zumárraga shows his tilma to Juan Diego, all the constellations that extend in the sky are represented. The mantle of the Virgin of Guadalupe, which faithfully represents the winter solstice sky in Mexico City, is located on Tuesday, December 12th, at 10:40 in the morning.
In the winter sky, the primary stars of the constellations can be identified within the cloak of the Guadalupana. All of them in their respective positions, with very minor alterations. Gemini, the pair of twins, can be found at the level of the knees, and Orion, where the Angel is located. Leo resides in her abdomen, just above the symbol of Nahui Ollin, with its principal star known as Regulus, the diminutive ruler. Virgo rests in her chest, at the level of her hands. The Northern Crown is situated on the head of the Virgin. The East is positioned above, while the West is in the lower section. Since the cloak is open, there are other groups of stars that are not specified in the image, yet they exist in the sky.
The “Golden Number” is referred to as “1 to 1.6181…” And it is a relationship where a major corresponds to a minor, forming a rectangle by adding its square. It is called the Divine or Golden proportion, and it is one of the most beautiful ways to achieve harmony in the form of the parts. Regarding the latter, it is defined as the harmonic union of the smaller side, where the diversity of objects constitutes unity in a whole. It can be said that it is an extraordinary beauty of a picture in a painting, observed by the harmony of the parts. According to Alberti, composition, line, and color should be observed in general terms in a painting. It can be said that it is a painting analysis of the Virgin of Guadalupe, which is an extraordinary beauty.
The coincidence of so many different signals in the painting, which can be found in the aesthetic value of the image, also makes it unlikely from a statistical point of view to deteriorate its beauty without removing or adding any element that proves its great aesthetic value. Furthermore, the strange idea that has been added is refuted in a forceful manner and reinforces the integrity of the figure with practically all its elements. In addition, it coincides with the development and confers a special beauty to it. It is identified with the clarity evident in the image of the Virgin of Guadalupe, starting from the central seam of Juan Diego’s Tilma.
In the context of Mexican culture and religion, it is crucial to explore the expression of divinity through the entirety of the Guadalupan occurrence. The hues, quantities, appellations, symbols, procedures, and outcomes… The Guadalupan Event is a intricate and opulent manifestation of divinity within our world. Guadalupe presents herself as the Mother of God, with the titles recognized by the Mexicas, Aztec inhabitants of the Valley of Mexico. She is acknowledged as the Mother of “In huel nelli Teotl” – True God who is the Source of Everything -, of “Ipalnemohuani” – The one for whom we live and everything moves -, of “Teyocoyani” – Creator of People -, of “Tloque Nahuaque” – Creator of the Near and the Close -, of “Ilhuicahua in tlacticpaque” – Lord of Heaven and Earth. The term Theology conveys the notion of encounters and communications surrounding divinity.
TEPEYAC, the place from which the Santa María de Guadalupe’s voice and echo will make them all from. The true force of the emerged world would recognize the strength of Tlatelolco. Our Lady, who also transforms the heart of Juan Fray Religioso Centro, located in the Periphery, accepts the instructions that come from Zumárraga. Neither the appropriate place nor the time was there for it. But Guadalupe transforms Tepeyacac into a significant, fragrant, fresh, exquisite, and rare rose garden. Juan Bernardino personifies the Mexican people, infected, defeated, conquered. The Good News is an effective word that brings no doubt to Bernardino’s dying uncle, who is suffering from a mortal illness. It is Good News because Guadalupe reclaims Juan Diego’s dignity as a responsible protagonist capable of carrying out his mission to a successful culmination. The Good News is the bearer of joy. It is the Child-Sun that she carries in her womb, the Fire that transforms the Sun into the Fire-Eagle, the Light that comes from the Region of the Eagle. “La Guadalupe Virgin is the Eagle of Fire, and the Region of Light.” This word, derived from the Greek, wants to say “Good News.” The Guadalupano Event is a true Gospel.
LA FIESTA.
The feast of the Virgin of Guadalupe is one of the most important celebrations for Mexicans. A large number of people from different parts of the country go on a pilgrimage to the Basilica or sanctuary of Guadalupe, using different means of transportation. They do this with the purpose of thanking the Virgin for the favors received or simply to ask for her help. On the outside esplanade of the temple, you can see dances from the pre-Hispanic and colonial eras, as well as modern ones, whether on foot, by bicycle, bus, or car. There, you can also see a great number of famous singers and artists singing to their mother and queen in order to show their great love for her through songs. The night before the big day, the Virgin receives the “mañanitas” from a large number of people who are willing to express their love for her in their homes.
Approximately 6 million devotees visited the Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe on December 12, 1998.
Pío X en 1910, la declaró “Celestial Patrona de América Latina” y Pío XII la llamó en 1945, Emperatriz de las Américas.